100日プランはPMIを進める上で欠かせない役割を果たしています。
PMIによってM&Aによるシナジー効果を生み出すために、100日プランで取り組むべきことは何なのでしょうか。
この記事では100日プランのPMIにおける役割と取り組みの流れを解説します。
PMIの100日プランとは
PMIの100日プランはM&A後の統合を進めるために、初期に集中実施する項目を挙げて作成する計画です。
M&Aでは譲受側と譲渡側の経営者を中心にして交渉を進めて基本合意に至ります。
その後の具体的なアクションプランを、100日間というタイムスパンで立てたものが100日プランです。
100日プランの目的
100日プランを立てる目的はPMI初期に集中して取り組むべきプランを具体化しつつ、中期的なPMIを推進する体制を整えることです。
PMIではランディングプランとして最初の1～2ヶ月での統合プランを検討します。
しかし、ビジネス活動では3ヶ月程度の期間がなければ、各種取り組みの成果が明確に数字として出てこない場合がほとんどです。
100日プランはPMIにおける初期の取り組みを効率的かつ計画的に実施し、その後のPDCAを通してPMIを合理的に進める基盤になります。
100日プランの役割
100日プランはM&A後にあるべき姿とのギャップを埋める初期プランとしての役割と、関係者の信頼関係を構築してPMIを加速させる役割を果たします。
M&A直後は経営者、従業員、取引先の誰もが大きな変化に混乱しがちです。
100日プランを策定して計画的に初動をすることで、スムーズにギャップを埋めて統合に向かうインフラを整えられます。
100日プランで集中して取り組むべき要素
100日プランでは、ランディングプランに基づいて改善しなければならない点や、中長期的な視点でPMIを成功に導く要素に着目し計画を立てることが必要です。
ここでは100日プランでまず取り組むべき要素を解説します。
PMIの推進体制の確立
初期段階としてPMIを推進する担当者や、プロジェクトチームを結成して体制を整えることが欠かせません。
これは100日プランの中でも初期に取り組む必要があります。
社内の人材だけで解決が困難な場合には、支援機関を通じてサポートを受けて進められる体制を整備します。
譲受側と譲渡側から担当者を選んでPMIに取り組む一組織を構築することで、協力する仕組みを整えることが可能です。
即効性の高い改善
100日プランでは即効性を重視し、譲受側と譲渡側の両方の従業員がM&Aによるポジティブな効果があったと実感させることが大切です。
PMIでは新しい環境に従業員が順応する苦労があります。
職場環境の改善や福利厚生の見直し、コンプライアンスの改善を通して従業員の前向きな協力を得られる基盤を作り上げることが100日プランの目標の一つです。
コミュニケーションの促進
従業員のPMI協力を促すには、譲受側と譲渡側でのコミュニケーション機会を増やすことが重要です。
100日プランでも懇親会や交流会、研修などを開いたり、共通の休憩室で雑談する機会を設けたりすることを計画します。
横だけでなく、縦のコミュニケーションも円滑におこなえるツールの導入も検討することが大切です。
事業の引き継ぎ対応
PMI初期に取引先にコンタクトを取って、事業の引き継ぎ対応をすることは欠かせません。
100日プランでは主要取引先への説明や業務フローの交渉を盛り込み、円滑に事業を引き継げるようにすることが必要です。
事業の引き継ぎ対応は、契約の切り替え程度の即効性がある対応の場合もあります。
しかし、契約交渉が難航して継続課題になる場合もあるため、100日プランからその後のPMIにかけて取り組むことも視野に入れることが重要です。
PMIの100日プランを計画・実行する流れ
100日プランの計画から実行に移す流れは以下のようにまとめられます。
- 両社の現状の把握
- 統合課題の明確化・ランク付け
- 100日プランの策定
- 計画の開始と定期的な効果検証
M&Aによる統合で発生する課題を明確化し、ランク付けをして優先度が高い内容から実行する計画を立てることが大切です。
課題としての深刻さ、改善した際の即効性、実行するリソースの確保しやすさが100日プランの策定で重要な観点です。
100日プランの策定はPMIの開始以前に完了しておき、M&Aのクロージング後に速やかに開始できるようにします。
そして、定期的な効果検証をしてプランを改善しながら統合を進めます。
まとめ
100日プランは、M&Aのクロージング後に速やかに取り組むべき要素を集約した契約です。
四半期の間にPMIを加速させるためのインフラづくりを達成し、譲受側と譲渡側の統合を効率的に理想形に近づけられるようにするために100日プランは欠かせません。
100日プランは現状の課題をランク付けして、即効性と優先度を重視して必要要素を具体化して策定することが大切です。
M&Aの締結前から100日プランを作成して、効率的にPMIを開始できるように準備しましょう。
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